![]() Some vendors provide binary (closed source) drivers for Linux, but it is not always necessary to use these drivers. By definition, a smartcard is a secure device and the software can not be changed at will. ![]() ![]() This software is rarely free software within the principles of the Debian Free Software Guidelines - however, the software on the Debian system is completely free. Smartcards have their own internal software and operating systems. However, GnuPG can also use regular PKCS#11 cards with the help of OpenSC and the GnuPG PKCS#11 project For the GnuPG use-case (signing email), they are easy to use and therefore quite popular - however, to use a card for general purpose activities such as web authentication, VPN and disk encryption, they may not be satisfactory. OpenPGP cards are a special type of card that are designed for use with GnuPG. This page describes the PKCS#11 style cards. There are two main types of solution on Debian, the OpenPGP based cards or the PKCS#11 style cards. ![]() By carefully selecting the right combination of smart cards and card readers, a fully functional system can be implemented with Debian.All cards, readers and software are not interchangeable. A smartcard architecture is quite complicated and it is not currently possible to mix-and-match any random combination of cards and readers in a plug-and-play manner. ![]()
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